Degree Of Comparison

DEGREE OF COMPARISON
Degree of comparison digunakan untuk membandingkan keadaan suatu benda dengan benda lain, kota/Negara dengan kota/Negara lain, Bahkan makhluk hidup dengan makhluk hidup lainnya.
A) Aplikasi dalam bentuk kalimat (+), (-), (?)
(+) My ruler is longer than his ruler
(-) my ruler isn`t longer than his ruler
(?) is your ruler longer than his ruler ? Yes, it is / no. it isn`t
(?) whose ruler is longer ? mine

B) (+) A giraffe is taller than a tiger
(-) A giraffe isn`t taller than a tiger
(?) Is a giraffe taller than a tiger ? Yes, it is / No it isn`t
(?) Which one is taller, a giraffe or a tiger ? A giraffe

C) (+) His house is more luxurious than her house
(-) His house isn`t more luxurious than her house
(?) Is his house more luxurious than her house ? Yes, it is/ No it isn`t
(?) Which one is more luxurious, his house or her house ? his house

D) (+) Tom is the smartest boy in our class
(-) Tom isn`t the smartest boy in our class
(?) Is Tom the smartest boy in your class? Yes, he is/ No, he isn`t
(?) Who is the smartest boy in your classroom ? Tom is

E) (+) Jakarta is the most expensive city to live in
(-) Jakarta isn`t the most expensive city to live in
(?) Is Jakarta the most expensive city to live in ? Yes, it is/No, it isn`t
(?) Why is Jakarta the most expensive city to live in ?
Because it`s Indonesia`s capital city

 EQUAL/POSITIVE COMPARISON
Equal/positive comparison digunakan untuk membandingkan dua benda atau orang, memiliki sifat/cirri yang sama. Pola-pola perbandingan yang sama adalah sebagai berikut :
Rumus 1
Subject + verb + as + adjective /adverb + as + noun /pronoun (se…/sama….dengan…..)
 Adjective ; Sony is as tall as Andi
 Adjective ; Your story is as interesting as her story
 Adjective ; Sandra is as beautiful as Dessy
 Adverb ; Nike sings as beautiful Sari
 Adverb ; The car runs as fast as my car
 Adjective ; His job is not as difficult as my job
Note: Untuk kalimat negative, kata as bias diganti dengan so
Rumus 2
…..Like or like….. ( sepert, sama, serupa)
 My painting is like your painting
 My house and your house are like
Rumus
….The same, or…the same as…(sama/sama dengan…)
 My painting is like your painting
 My house and your house are alike
Rumus 3
….The same, or … the same as …. (sama/sama dengan…0
 This cat and that one are the same
 This tiger is the same as that tiger

Rumus 4
Subject + verb + the same + noun + as +noun/pronoun
 My house as high as your house
 My house as the same height as your house
Rumus 5
….similar (to) …. (sama/seperti)
 My proposal is similar to that one
 My speech and your speech are similar
Rumus 6
…. Different from … ( berbeda dengan)
 Tokyo is different from New York
 Indonesia and Thailand are different
 COMPARATIVE
Comparative digunakan untuk membandingkan dua benda/orang yang memiliki perbedaan
Rumus 1
Adjective + er Noun
Subject Verb Adverb + er Than
More + adjective/adverb
Less + adjective/adverb Pronoun

 Adjective ; John is taller than Jane
 Adjective ; Indra runs faster than susi
 Adjective ; This chair is more comfortable than that one
 Adverb ; He speaks English more fluently than I
 Adverb ; He visits his family less frequently than his wife does
 Adjective ; This year`s exhibit is less impressive than last year`s

Rumus 2
The + comparative + subject + verb
The + comparative + subject + verb
(semakin …. Semakin …..)

 The scanner you come, the better you will be
 The higher climb, the nicer you will feel
Rumus 3
The more + subject + verb + the + comparative + subject + verb
(Semakin …. Semakin …..)

 The more you study, the more successful you will be
 The more you speak English, the better you skill will be
 The more he rowed the boat, the farther away he got

Rumus 4 {Multi number comparative }
Subject verb Number as much (Noun) as Noun
multiple many Pronoun

Number multiples mencakup half (setengah), twice (dua kali), three times (tiga kali) dsb.
Contoh ;
 This encyclopedia costs twice as much as the one
 Andri has half as many records now as I had last year

 SUPERLATIVE
Superlative digunakan untuk membandingkan tiga atau lebih benda/orang yang bebeda

Rumus 1
Subject + verb + the + adjective + est (paling ….. ter ….0
o Borobudur is the biggest temple in Indonesia
o Tha nile is the longest river in the world

Rumus 2
Subject + verb + the + most + adjective …. (paling/ter….)
o London is the most expensive city in the world
o Andi is the most diligent students in his class

PERUBAHAN BENTUK COMPARISON
Rules Positive Comparative Superlative
Tambahkan -er atau -est Small Smaller The oldest
pada sebagian besar adjective Long Longer The longest
yang terdiri dari satu/dua Hot Hotter The hottest
suku kata tall taller The tallest
Jika adjective (kata sifat) Fasy Easier The easiest
Berakhiran dengan sebuah Prety Pretier The prettiest
konsonan + y, ubahlah y menjadi i Noisy Noisier The noisiest
dan tambahkan - er (comparative Busy Busier The busiest
dan -est (superlative) Happy Happier The happiest
Gunakan more dan most untuk Beautiful More beautiful Tye most beautiful
adjective yang terdiri dari 3 suku Important More important The most important
kata atau lebih Beliavable More believable The most believable
Economical More economical The most economical
Gunakan more dan most pada Hated More hated The most hated
adjective yang berakhiran -ed, -ful Useful More useful The most useful
ing, ish Boring More boring The most boring
stylish More stylish The most stylish
Cantious More cautious The most cautious
Bentuk tidak teratur Good Better The best
bad Worse The worst
far farther/further The farthest/furthest

Refrensi Buku ;
 A handbook of English Grammar, Slamet Riyanto with Emilia NH and Leila NH, Pustaka Pelajar
 ABC Plus English Grammar, Drs. Rudy Hariyono – Andrew Mc. Carthy, Gitamedia Press
 Panduan Lengkap Menguasai English Grammar, stefhani Ridha Rahmawati, S Pd, PT Kawan Pustaka
 99,99% Sukses Toefl, Tumijo S Pd- M.Hum dan Drs Slamet Riyanto M.Pd, Pustaka Widyatama
 Understanding and using English Grammar, Betty Schrampfer Azar, Binarupa Aksara
 Fundamental Of English Grammar, Betty Schrampfer Azhar, Binarupa Aksara
 Practical Complete English Grammar, M.J. Lado, Titik Terang Jakarta
 Modern English a Practical Reference Guide, Marcella Frank, Englewood Cliffs